Wrench.



A. G. CARWHCHAEL.

wnmcm AFFLICATION men WIAYIQ. 1916.. v 1 i i Patented May 7, L918.

. I )1 a $HEETS-SHEET 1. 5

A. G. CARMICHAEL.

WRENCH.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 19. ms.

Rammed May 7, i918.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

A. G. OARIVHCHAEV...

WRENCH.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 19. ms.

Patented. May 7, 1918;

3 SHEETSSHEET 3.

tit)

ATLLM a. cnrcann, or Kennett, orrrane.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALLAN G. CAR- MICHAEL, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Kendall, in the county of Fergus and State ofMontana, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Wrenches;and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exactdescription of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in theart to which it appertains to make and use the same.

The invention relates to improvements in wrenches.

The object of the present invention is to improve the construction ofwrenches and to provide a simple, practical and comparativelyinexpensive wrench of strong and durable construction adapted to bereadily converted into a pipe wrench or a nut wrench and capable of arapid adjustment to engage the jaws with the object to be operated on.

A further object of the invention is to provide a wrench of thischaracter adapted to eliminate teeth and threads for eflecting anadjustment of the sliding jaw in the seating movement thereof.

It is also an object of the invention to provide a light and compactstructure having detachable and renewal parts adapted to be stamped orotherwise formed of sheet metal.

With these and other objects in View the invention consists in theconstruction and novel combination and arrangement of parts hereinafterfully described, illustrated in the accompanying drawings and pointedout in theclaim hereto appended, it being understoodthatvarious changesin the form, proportion and minor details of construction may beresorted to without departing from the spirit or sacrificing any of theadvantages of the invention.

In the drawings- [Figure 1 is a side elevation of a wrench constructedin accordance with this invention and arranged for operating on nuts andthe like,

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of t ew. r

F g. 3 IS a transverse sectional-view on v I the line 33 of Fig. 2,

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed may 19, 1918. Serial Ito. 98,653.

Patented May t, 1%.

Fig. 6 is a transverse sectional view on the line 66 of Fig. 2, Fig. 7is a detail perspective view illustrating the construction of the pipeengaging jaw,

Fig. 8 is a side elevation partly in section illustrating a modificationof the invention, in which the sliding jaw is laterally movable,

Fig. 9 is a side elevation of the same,

Fig. 10 is a transverse sectional view on the, line 10-10 of Fig. 9,

Fig. 11 is a similar view on the line 11--11 of Fig. 8,

Fig. 12 is a side elevation partly in section of a wrench showinganother form of the invention,

Fig. 13 is a transverse sectional view on the line 13--13 of Fig. 12,

Fig. 14 is a rear end elevation.

Like numerals of reference designate corresponding parts in the severalfigures of the drawings.

Referring more particularly to Figs. 1 to 7 inclusive of the drawings, 1designates a shank or bar provided at its outer end with a transverselydisposed integral arm 2 constituting the body portion of an outerstationary jaw and receiving a shell or casing 3 stamped or otherwisetermed of any suitable material and composed of sides 4: and aconnecting web or portion 5 located at the inner side edge of thelaterally extending arm or portion 2 and forming the engaging face orportion of the stationary jaw as clearly illustrated in Fig. 2 of thedrawings.

The sides 4 of the shell conform to the configuration of the extensionor body portion 2 which is tapered and which is provided with aperforation 6 for the reception of a screw 7 which secures the shell orcasing on the arm or laterally extending portion 2 of the shank or bar1.

The shank or bar 1 is provided with a longitudinal slot 8 and theslotted portion receives a slidable jaw comprising a shell or casing 9and a solid body portion 10. The shell or casing which is constructed ofsheet metal or other suitable material is composed of spaced sides 11and a connecting web or back portion 12 as clearly illustrated in Fig. 6of the drawings. The body portion 10 which is tapered to conform to theconfiguration of the tapered outer or front portion 13 of the side issecured between the same by a screw 14 or other suitable fastening meansand it is provided with an engaging portion 15 extending laterally andfitting against the adjacent side edges of the projecting taperedportions 13' as clearly illustrated in Fig. 4 of the drawings.

The sliding jaw is retained on the slotted portion of the shank or bar 1by a screw 16 which has a smooth portion 17 operating in the slot 8 andof substantially the diameter ofthe same and-the slot and constituting apivot on which the sliding jaw is adapted to turn slightly to engage thefront and rear edges of the shank or bar 1 at diagonally opposite pointswhereby the binding action of the sliding jaw on the said shank or barwill effectively hold the sliding jaw in its adjustment when pressure isapplied to the wrenchthrough engagement with an object. The openingformed byspacing the body portion 10 from the rear connecting portion orweb 12 is of slightly greater width than the width of the shank or barto allow for the limited pivotal movement to engage the jaw with anddisengage the same from the said shank or bar and resilient means ispreferably provided for preventing the sliding jaw from accidentalyslipping. This resilient means may consist of a spring 18 interposedbetween the rear edge of the shank or bar and the web or connectingportion 12 or a spring washer as hereinafter explained may be employedfor this purpose. The spring is located in rear of an outer engagingportion 19 adapted to engage against the rear end of the shank l andforming a recess to receive and house the spring 18. The pivot screw 16is readily removable to enable the sliding jaw to be detached and asliding jaw 19 having a curved serrated or toothed face 20 may besubstituted for the nut engaging sliding jaw to convert the wrench intoa pipe wrench for engaging pipes and rods and the like.

In Figs. 8 to 11 inclusive is illustrated another form of the inventionin which the shank or bar 21 is provided at a point intermediate of itsends with an integral slotted portion or arm 22 receiving a sliding jaw23.

The shank or bar is provided at its outer or front end with astationaryjaw consisting of an integral projecting portion. 24 and a shell 25 ofsheet metal or other suitable material stamped to form two sides, and aconnecting back or web portion as clearly illustrated in Fig. 11 of thedrawings- The sliding jaw 23 also consists of a shell of sheet metal orother suitable material composed of spaced sides and a connecting weband provided with a body. portion 26 forming the engaging face of thesliding jaw. and detachably secured between the sides thereof by a screw27 or other suitable fastening device. The shell of the fixed orstationary jaw is secured to the shank or bar 21 by screws 28 and 29 andthe sliding jaw is equipped with a pivot 30 operating in the slot 31 ofthe lateral extension 22 to permit the sliding jaw to engage theopposite sides of the said extension or arm 22. By engaging the arm atopposite points a firm gripping action of the jaw is obtained like thesliding jaw of the form of the invention illustrated in Figs. 1 to 7inclusive. In order to enable the sliding jaw to engage the lateralextension or slotted portion 22 at the rear end thereof, the saidsliding jaw is preferably provided with a block 32 secured betweenthe-sides of the shell by a screw 33 or other suitable fastening meansbut the block may be omitted and any other suitable means may of coursebe provided for this purpose. The sliding jaw, which is manuallyadjustable, is prevented from accidentally slipping by a spring washer34 mounted on the pivot 30 and interposed between the shell or casingand the head of the pivot or screw. \Vhen the wrench is engaged with anobject, the gripping action of the slidable jaw and its shell or casingon the bar or portion 22 will hold the parts against relative movement.

In Figs. 12 to 14 inclusive of the drawings is illustrated another formof the invention which comprises a shank 35 provided at the outer endwith an integral relatively fixed jaw 36 having teeth 37 preferablyarranged in a curved series and adapted to engage a pipe or rod. Theshank 35 slidably receives a shell or casing composed of sides 38 and arear connecting portion 39 which is provided with a transverselydisposed engaging portion 40 similar to the engaging portion 19 andforming a recess for the reception of a spring 41. The spring 41 whichis similar in construction to the spring 18'is interposed between therear connecting portion 39 of the shell or casing and the rear edge ofthe shank 35. The shank 35 is provided with a longitudinal slot 42through which passes a screw 43 or other suitable pivot, and the sidesof the shell or casing extend beyond the front edge of the shank 35 andreceive between them an adjustable jaw 44 provided with teeth 45 whichcooperate with the teeth 37 of relatively fixed jaw 36. The adjustableor slidable jaw 44 is provided with spaced parallel inner and outerslots or openings 46 through which pass pins 47 which guide theadjustable jaw 44 in its inward and outward movements. The teeth 45 arearranged in a curved series and present a concaved engaging face to thepipe or rod. The slidable jaw is also provided with an inner concavedface 48 which is engagedby a cam head 49 of an operating handle or lever50. The operating handle or lever 50 is eccentrically pivoted betweenthe projecting porreeaeee tions of the sides of the shell by a screw 51or other suitable fastening device and when the handle or lever 50 isswung outwardly with respect to the inner end of theshank 35 the camaction of the rounded portion or head 49 forces the adjustable jaw 44:toward the coacting relatively fixed jaw 36 thereby securely grippingthe pipe or rod.

The out-ward movement of the lever or handle 50 on its pivot 51 islimited by projections 53 preferably formed by the terminal portions ofa pin and arranged to engage projections or lugs 55. The lugs orprojections 55 are located at the inner or lower edge of the sides ofthe shell or casing in the path of the projections 53, and theprojections of the handle or lever may be located to secure the desiredgripping action of the wrench without liability of crushing or injuringthe pipe operated on.

What is claimed is A wrench of the class described including a shankprovided with a longitudinal slot and having a relatively fixed jaw atits outer end, a shell or casing mounted on the shank and provided witha pivot extending through the slot of the said shank, an adjustable jawcarried by the shell or casing and slidably mounted thereon to movetoward and from the'relatively fixed jaw and a lever or handle alsomounted in the shell or casing and having an eccentric or cam portionarranged to engage and actuate the adjustable jaw, and means forlimiting the relative movement of the lever or handle, said meansincluding lugs or projections of the shell or casing and coactingprojections carried by the handle or lever.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

- ALLAN Gr. CARMICHAEL.

Witnesses:

JOHN S. KELLY, C. L. WILSON.

